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American Zoologist 1974 14(2):591-602; doi:10.1093/icb/14.2.591
© 1974 by The Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology
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Tentacle Morphogenesis in Hydra: A Morphological and Biochemical Analysis of the Effect of Actinomycin D

GEORGIA E. LESH-LAURIE
Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio 44106

Stalked hydra exposed to 3 µg/ml actinomycin D for 24 hr exhibited a restriction in the patterning of tentacle morphogenesis. The two-tentacied morphological modification manifested in regenerating hydra was correlated with a reduction both in RNA synthesis in the hypostomal region of the animal and in the DMA synthetic activity associated with normal tentacle elaboration. The tentacles formed on actinomycin D-treated animals developed in the proper sequence, however. In time the modification disappeared, indicating that the effect was reversible.

Histological studies demonstrated depleted interstitial cell (I-cell) populations along the body column of actinomycin D-treated hydra. Replacing the hypostomes of actinomycin D-treated hydra with normal hypostomes reversed the cellular effects of actinomyin D exposure.

All morphological and biochemical modifications in tentacle morphogenesis occurring after actinomycin D treatment were consistent with an impairment of hypostomal function in the animal. Evidence from 3H-actinomycin D autoradiography provided support for the proposal that the nervous system was the morphological site of this malfunction.


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