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American Zoologist 1975 15(2):419-425; doi:10.1093/icb/15.2.419
© 1975 by The Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology
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Evolution of Integrated Design

R. MCNEILL ALEXANDER
Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, University of Leeds Leeds, England

There is an intricate integration of parts in the bodies of animals which can in some cases and to some extent be demonstrated quantitatively and must presumably be maintained in evolution. There is intricate fit between parts packed together in the bodies of animals so that changes in the relative sizes of organs may make complex rearrangement necessary. These points are illustrated by examples concerning the legs of dogs and the heads of ostariophysan fishes.


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