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American Zoologist 1982 22(1):143-151; doi:10.1093/icb/22.1.143
© 1982 by The Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology
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Cell-Cell Interactions and Distal Outgrowth in Amphibian Limbs1

SUSAN V. BRYANT, NIGEL HOLDER and PATRICK W. TANK
Developmental Biology Center and Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92717
Department of Anatomy, King's College Strand, London WC2R 2LS, England
Department of Anatomy, University of Arkansas for Medical Science 4301 W. Markham, Little Rock, Arkansas 72201

SYNOPSIS. A current model concerning the process of limb regeneration in vertebrates is examined. According to this model (Bryant et al, 1981), new positional values in the proximal-distal limb axis are laid down as a result of local interactions between cells in the limb circumference. Cells with disparate circumferential positional values come together at the site of future outgrowth and intercalation between them generates more distal levels of the pattern. The results of a number of experiments on surgically created symmetrical limb stumps are discussed in relation to this model. In addition, an extension of this model to account for digit formation is presented, and the implications of this formulation for limb evolution are discussed.


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