Integrative and Comparative Biology Advance Access published online on May 6, 2008
Integrative and Comparative Biology, doi:10.1093/icb/icn036
Head segmentation in vertebrates

*Laboratory for Evolutionary Morphology, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minami, Chuo, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, JAPAN
Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2300
Correspondence: 1E-mail: saizo{at}cdb.riken.jp
Classic theories of vertebrate head segmentation clearly exemplify the idealistic nature of comparative embryology prior to the 20th century. Comparative embryology aimed at recognizing the basic, primary structure that is shared by all vertebrates, either as an archetype or an ancestral developmental pattern. Modern evolutionary developmental (Evo-Devo) studies are also based on comparison, and therefore have a tendency to reduce complex embryonic anatomy into overly simplified patterns. Here again, a basic segmental plan for the head has been sought among chordates. We convened a symposium that brought together leading researchers dealing with this problem, in a number of different evolutionary and developmental contexts. Here we give an overview of the outcome and the status of the field in this modern era of Evo-Devo. We emphasize the fact that the head segmentation problem is not fully resolved, and we discuss new directions in the search for hints for a way out of this maze.
From the symposium "Vertebrate Head Segmentation in a Modern Evo-Devo Context" presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, January 2–6, 2008, in San Antonio, Texas.