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Integrative and Comparative Biology Advance Access published online on August 27, 2007
Integrative and Comparative Biology, doi:10.1093/icb/icm086
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. All rights reserved. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

A brief review of holopelagic annelids

Kenneth M. Halanych1,*, L. Nicole Cox* and Torsten H. Struck2,{dagger}
*Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Building, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; {dagger}University of Osnabrück, FB05 Biology/Chemistry, AG Zoology, Barbarastr. 11, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany

Correspondence: 1E-mail: ken{at}auburn.edu

Annelids are one of the most successful major animal lineages in terms of number of species and of habitats occupied. Despite annelids being common in terrestrial, aquatic, and marine environments, only a limited number of lineages have evolved a holopelagic existence. Most of these holopelagic lineages belong to Phyllodocida (nereidids, syllids, scale worms, and jawed worms) and more particularly often within the family Phyllodocidae. These worms generally appear to retain many characteristics of adult annelids. Moreover, we provide molecular evidence showing that the well-known alciopids are derived from within Phyllodocidae. In contrast, at least two lineages, Poeobius meseres/Flota flabelligera and probably Chaetopterus pugaporcinus, are derived through paedomorphic processes acting on larvae from lineages that have sedentary adult forms. Herein, we will briefly review the known diversity of holopelagic annelids with discussion of their evolutionary origins.

From the symposium "Integrative Biology of Pelagic Invertebrates" presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, January 3–7, 2007, at Phoenix, Arizona.


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